Why? Because the core problem it solves — “capture a running Windows disk to a VM format” — is timeless.

Virtualization promised freedom — encapsulating an entire PC into a file. But how to capture a living, breathing physical machine without shutting it down? That was the pain. In 2009, Sysinternals (then already part of Microsoft) released a tiny utility: disk2vdi . Its creator? Mark Russinovich , the legendary OS internals expert.

The idea was deceptively simple: Run disk2vdi on a live Windows system. Select the volumes you want. Click “Create”. Out comes a or .vhd file — ready for VirtualBox or Hyper-V.

Here is the deep story of — not just as a tool, but as a quiet hero in the world of virtualization. Prologue: The Era of Bare Metal In the early 2000s, most computers ran directly on hardware — a single OS married to physical disks. Migrating a machine meant reinstalling everything, moving files manually, and praying drivers would work. IT admins lived in fear of aging hardware: a failing hard disk could kill an entire system’s identity.